Case IH

At Agritechnica in autumn 2023, Case IH introduced the larger Axial-Flow combine harvester AF11, featuring as a novelty two rotors. In 2024, slightly smaller single-rotor models AF9 and AF10 were unveiled. Customer deliveries for all models only began for the 2026 harvest season. Initially, only the AF9 and AF10 were brought to Europe. They had a rotor diameter of 762 mm, the same as previous models, but a significantly greater length of 367 cm. The four-sieve cleaning system was also considerably larger: 8.8 m² instead of the previous 6.5 m². The grain mass was leveled on the sieves so that it was said to handle a 28% side slope. The 179 cm-wide machinery was among the largest on the market.

Cursor 13 and 16 engines were mounted longitudinally. The maintenance interval was 750 hours / 2 years. The AF10 and AF11 had a 200-hectoliter grain tank and a 210 liters/second unloading rate, while the AF9 had 160 hectoliters and 159 l/s. The cab came standard with two Pro 1200 displays. Compared to earlier models, more functions could be operated from the cab, such as rotor speed adjustment as well as switching the chopper on/off and adjusting its speed. Due to the long rotor, the rotor speed had to be kept low if straw was to be collected. In terms of precision farming features, improvements were made to automatic steering, which featured the new Rowguide Pro system combining GPS data and sensors.

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Combines

Case IH AF9-AF11

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At the larger end of the Axial-Flow lineup, the move was made to the 250 models for the year 2019. The changes in technical specifications were minimal. More emphasis was placed, as with other large combines, on threshing automation, which was, however, an optional feature. The lifting cylinders of the cutting platform were larger than before, and the cutting platform’s tilt angle could be adjusted hydraulically while driving. The new transmission included only a field mode and a road mode.

Axial-Flow was based on a single longitudinal drum with a diameter of 76.2 cm, which handled both threshing and separation. Different rasp bars under the threshing section were switched according to the crop being harvested (grain, peas, corn). Likewise, there were interchangeable elements for the separation area. The grain flow speed inside the drum was adjusted using concave sheets, which for the first time were available as electronically adjustable instead of screw-adjusted. The sieves were similar to those of a conventional combine. The chopper was positioned inside the straw hood so that the straw fell directly from the drum onto the chopper. The standard grain tank unload rate was a moderate 113 liters per second, but there was an option for unloading at 159 liters per second. The cab was still available in Comfort and Luxury versions.

The AFS Command automation controlled adjustments such as fan speed, sieve settings, rotor speed, rotor concaves, and driving speed. The sieves featured sensors to detect the pressure of the air produced by the fan. The fan was also adjusted according to uphill and downhill driving. Machine vision was used to monitor the amount of broken grains. There were four different threshing strategies. It was possible to aim for the best possible grain quality and minimal losses by keeping the driving speed sufficiently low. Performance mode aimed for the most efficient use of the machine while keeping threshing losses below a selected threshold. The third option was to keep the amount of grain coming into the machine consistent by adjusting the driving speed. When rain was threatening, it was possible to switch to the highest possible threshing capacity and let the automation try to minimize threshing losses as much as possible.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 7250-9250

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In the history of Axial-Flow, which began in 1977, there have been many model changes. One of the smallest was the update of the 150 series to the 160 series for the year 2024. The smallest model was dropped from the lineup, so now the available models are the 6160 (400 hp) and 7160 (460 hp) equipped with a 9-liter engine. The engines had already been upgraded to Stage V level in the previous model lineup, and exhaust gas recirculation was no longer necessary. The most significant change in the new lineup was the 125-hectoliter grain tank in the larger model. The unloading speed remained at 113 liters per second. The threshing automation was now at the same level as in the larger combines. AFS Harvest Command took care of the optimal adjustments of the machinery and driving speed based on given parameters. Technologies worthy of mention in the advertising included the sieving load sensors and patented multispectral yield cameras. AFS AccuGuide was responsible for automatic steering, and AFS Connect provided data connections to phone/computer.

The Axial-Flow was based on a single longitudinal rotor, with a diameter of 76.2 centimeters, which performed both threshing and separation. Under the threshing section, beater bars were changed according to the crop being harvested (grain, peas, corn). Likewise, interchangeable elements were used in the separation area. The speed of the grain moving through the rotor was adjusted using counter plates, which for the first time were available with electric adjustment instead of screw adjustment. The sieve system was similar to that of a conventional combine. The chopper was placed inside the straw hood so that the straw would fall directly from the rotor onto the chopper. The rotor speed adjustment was now four times faster than before, and the chopper bearing was 70% more durable.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 6160-7160

The smaller Axial-Flow was known as the 140 series in the 2015 lineup. The main reason for the change in model designations was the slightly more efficient engines that complied with the new emission standards. Other updates came only in the 2016 lineup: the seat position inside the cabin was changed, and a new multifunction lever was introduced. The concave now also featured a laterally swinging slope threshing concave, and there were other small improvements in the threshing mechanism. Also new was the Zuidberg track equipment offered through Case IH.

The headers had been renewed a couple of years earlier. Available options included a standard header (length 55 cm), a cabin-adjustable header (57-107 cm), and a fully hydraulically operated 3050 header (57-114 cm). Now, a cutting width of 915 cm was also available.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 5140-7140

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For the year 2020, the smaller Axial Flow was updated to the 150 series. The European versions now had only two gears: a field gear and a road gear. The gear was changed electronically. The differential lock was also engaged electrically. The angle of the straw walkers was modified compared to earlier models. A new table option was an 8.5-meter version. The feed chamber was renewed, and at its end was a transverse spiral drum designed to separate stones. Initially, the previous model’s Stage IV engines were offered, but in the Stage V lineup, the power of the 7150 increased to 460 horsepower.

The Axial-Flow was based on a single longitudinal rotor, 76.2 centimeters in diameter, which handled both threshing and separation. Under the threshing section, straw walkers were exchanged according to the crop being harvested (grain, peas, maize). Likewise, there were interchangeable elements for the separation area. The speed of the grain flow in the rotor was adjusted with opposing plates, which for the first time were available as electronically adjustable instead of screw adjustments. The sieving system was similar to that of conventional combines. The chopper was placed inside the straw hood so that the straw fell directly from the rotor onto the chopper. The cab was available in Comfort and Luxury versions. The Luxury model included, among other features, a ventilated leather seat and heated outside mirrors. Operation was controlled by the AFS Pro 700 monitor.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 5150-7150

Axial-Flow combines had changed relatively little during their 18-year history. In 1995, a more thorough overhaul was made with the transition to the 2100 series. The most visible innovation was a completely new, centrally positioned cab. Most of the control devices were mounted on the armrest, and the seat was air-suspended. The combine’s hydraulic system was completely renewed and was based on a load-sensing pump, and the power transmission was reinforced. The grain tank unloading took place even more quickly. After a turn, the cutting platform height could be restored to the previous height from memory, and automatic flotation was available as an option. Automatic speed control of the unloading auger was standard. The combine’s basic structure, with the longitudinal rotor and threshing mechanism dimensioning, remained unchanged.

The models brought to Europe were the 2166 (210 or 240 hp) and the 2188 (280 hp). The engines were 8.3-liter Cummins, which were also used in Magnum tractors. In America, a 180-horsepower 2144 was also available. From 1996 onwards, AFS (Advanced Farming System) was available as an option, which combined a GPS yield mapping and threshing loss measurement system. The 2100 series combines were also available with four-wheel drive. The 1030 series cutting platforms used in Europe were manufactured by Dronningborg.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 2166-2188

The McCormick International European-wide combine harvester lineup offered models with fairly small increments. The larger models were the 8-61, 8-71, and the 8-91 equipped with a six-cylinder engine. The diameter of the threshing cylinder on the 8-91 was 56 cm instead of the 46 cm found on the smaller models, and the main adjustments were made hydraulically. The 8-91 was a 5-sieve model. The steering was hydrostatic. A factory-installed cab was available as an optional accessory.

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McCormick International 8-61 – 8-91

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Tractors

McCormick International combine harvester production began in Germany in 1957 with the model D-61, which had a working width of 187 cm. Its further developed versions were the D 8-61 and D 8-62, which started production in 1959. The cutting widths were 183 and 198 cm. The engine was either a VW industrial engine or an IH 1.8-liter diesel (34 hp). An 8.25-hectoliter grain tank was available as an accessory. The height adjustment of the cutting table and the reel lift was initially mechanical. In later models, hydraulic height adjustment became standard.

The first French combine harvesters were also introduced in 1957. The smallest model, the F-8.61, was largely the same as the corresponding German model, but equipped with a 30-horsepower IH gasoline engine. The F-8.83 had a 50-horsepower Perkins diesel and a 255–315 cm cutting table. Additionally, larger American combines were brought to Europe in the early 1960s, of which the largest, the F-8.513, had a 106 hp six-cylinder engine and a 396–426 cm cutting table.

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McCormick International D 8-61 – D 8-62

European McCormick International combines were manufactured exclusively in France starting from 1964. At that time, the entry-level model 8-41 was introduced, with a threshing mechanism width of 104 cm. The cutting width was 244 or 304 cm. The engine was the same 3.3-liter Perkins used in the MF 165 tractor. The cutterbar suspension was hydro-pneumatic, but the reel length adjustment and speed adjustment as well as the threshing drum speed adjustment were stepped. In the improved 8-51 model, a variator was added for the threshing drum speed adjustment, and the engine was replaced with International’s 3.4-liter unit (this engine was also used in the last 8-41 models).

The 8-41 was initially imported to Finland under the McCormick name, but in 1968 it was marketed as the yellow Sampo 100 with minor improvements. The 8-51 was correspondingly the Sampo 110. Conversely, the Sampo 30 was sold in Central Europe under the name International 8-31.

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McCormick International 8-41 – 8-51

In the 1970s, model 915 was imported to Europe from the production of the International combine harvester factory located in East Molinessa. It was equipped with a 6-cylinder turbo engine (137 hp until 1973 and 141 hp thereafter). The drive transmission was hydrostatic. A special feature of the 915 was the Even-Flow pre-cleaning system, which blew air onto the cutting platform. The unloading pipe could be hydraulically rotated during unloading, and the 53 hl tank emptied in 80 seconds. An air-conditioned cabin and an electronic monitoring system were standard equipment. The 915 was marketed in Europe especially for corn harvesting. An 8-row corn table was available for it.

Smaller models of the American combine series were the 315 (72 hp SAE), 615 (80 hp SAE), 715 (95 hp SAE), and 815, which was also available with a V8 gasoline engine. All models had hydrostatic drive transmission.

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International 915

The renewed International combine harvester lineup for the year 1973 included four models: 221, 321, 431, and 531. The largest model had 5 threshing units. The smallest model, the 221, was practically just a renamed 8-51. It soon disappeared from the lineup. The differences between models 321 and 431 were minor. As with previous models, the 431 featured a 6-cylinder engine (until 1974 there was also a 4-cylinder version) and hydraulic adjustments for the reel lift. The 541, which replaced the 531, had an updated cutting table, a hydraulically rotatable unloading pipe, and a rotating engine air intake. Alongside their own models, the Sampo 35 was also sold under the name IH 211.

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International 221-541

In 1978, IH introduced the combine harvester models 943 and 953. Of these, the 943 was an improved version of the earlier model 541. Above this was the 953, equipped with a turbocharged engine, longer concaves, and a larger grain tank. For the year 1981, the smaller models 321 and 431 were replaced by the 923 and 933. The growth was mainly in the engine power of the smallest model and the size of the grain tank. At the same time, the grain tank of the 943 was also increased. For the first time, a panoramic cab was now available.

IH's model range is a typical example of development: in a new lineup, the smallest model is dropped, and an ever-larger combine harvester is brought to the top. In the late 1980s, the 953 was also offered as a Hydro version. After these models, IH focused solely on Axial Flow combines.

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International 923-953

The International Harvester combine line in America was extensive and completely separate from the European range. However, its success on the market did not satisfy the manufacturer. It was therefore decided to develop something entirely new. The Axial-Flow combines introduced in the fall of 1977 were built around a single longitudinal cylinder that handled both threshing and separation, followed by a conventional sieve system.

At first there were two models: the 1440 had a 135 hp engine and a 51 hl grain tank, and the 1460 had a 170 hp turbo engine and a 63 hl tank. A year later, the 1480 was introduced with a larger-diameter rotor, 190 hp, and a 73 hl tank. The range was later expanded with the 1420 (112 hp), the downhill-threshing model 1470 (210 hp), and the traction combine 1482. In Europe, focus was placed on the 1460. The axial-flow combine was never imported to Finland, although it was shown at an agricultural fair there in the early 1980s.

The drive train was hydrostatic. The closed unloading pipe could be swung hydraulically during discharge. An electronic monitoring system covered the most important functions, and the speed gauges were displayed on a digital screen. The rotor drive belt automatically tightened as load increased. From at least 1980 onward, air conditioning was standard in Europe. The cab’s noise level was specified as 85 dB.

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International Axial-Flow 1420-1480

The second generation of Axial-Flow combines was introduced in the fall of 1985. The structure remained largely unchanged, with updates focusing on details. The chaffer sieves were expanded, and the grain elevator and cleaning shoe were enlarged. The cutter bars were updated from the 800 series to the 1000 series, and the return to the operator was now standard. The speed of the unloading auger automatically adjusted according to the driving speed. The cabin noise level was reported to be 79 dB. The power of the 1680 model increased to 225 horsepower thanks to the intercooler. The engines of the 1640 and 1660 models also grew to 7.6 liters, with power outputs of 150 and 180 hp respectively. The American market still offered the 1620 model with 124 horsepower. In 1989, IH engines were replaced by Cummins engines, and power outputs increased from previous levels.

In 1993, updated models 1644/1664/1684 were introduced in the USA. Engine powers increased to 180/215/260 horsepower despite a drop in engine speed. Power also increased in Europe, but model numbers remained the same. By this stage, approximately 60,000 Axial-Flow combines had been manufactured.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 1640-1680

For the year 1998, the 2300 series Axial Flow combines were introduced. Despite the new model designations, the changes were minor. The control devices were slightly modified, and the air conditioning was now automatic. The noise level was reported to be 72-74 dB. The header came standard with automatic flotation. The rotor’s speed adjustment now featured a three-speed gearbox, with a new middle range overlapping the slow and fast ranges. The rotor drive belt’s durability was promised to be twice that of the previous version. The three-piece straw walker was also said to be more durable than before. Over 100,000 Axial Flow rotary combines had been manufactured over 20 years.

The model corresponding to the 2166 was now the 2365, and the previous 2166 Exclusive was replaced by the 2366. In America, the smaller 2344 was still available. In the fall of 2002, the 2366 and 2388 X-Clusive models introduced in Europe were rated at 253 and 293 ISO horsepower, respectively. The more powerful engine was a 24-valve, electronically controlled unit. The X-Clusive models featured an improved, slightly longer rotor. In 2004, the 2366 on the American market was replaced by the 2377, which had the larger rotor of the 2388.

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Case IH 2365-2388 AF

By the late 1990s, Case IH introduced the Cross-Flow series of drum combines alongside the Axial-Flow models. The combines were built at the MDW factory in eastern Germany and were not sold in America. The CF80’s three-drum threshing system was initially sized the same as the largest MDW combines. Following that was a square mixing drum at the front of the threshing unit. Like earlier models, it featured sieves arranged on three levels. The engines had been updated to 8.3-liter Case–Cummins units.

The first model was the 300-horsepower CF80. It had six threshing drums, as did the 280-horsepower CF70. The CF50, with 200 horsepower, and the CF60, with 240 horsepower, each had five drums. The CF50 and CF70 both had only two straw walkers. The cab was somewhat simpler than those on the Axial-Flow combines, and the noise level was 79 dB. Standard equipment included automatic air conditioning, an air-suspended seat, a grain loss monitor, and, on the CF60 and CF80, a cutterbar that could tilt both laterally and longitudinally.

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Case IH CF50-80

In 2002, Case IH's MDW-based axial-flow combines were replaced with products from their own group, that is, by painting the New Holland TX red. At least partially, these combines were manufactured in Germany. Four models corresponded to the TX 64, 65, 67, and 68 models.

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Case IH CT5050-5080

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The first batch of Case IH's larger Axial Flow combine harvester, designated AFX8010, was produced for the 2003 season. Following the common trend, the side panels featured sleek shapes enabled by plastic materials. The engine was a 10.3-liter, 24-valve unit. The rated power was 400 hp, and while unloading the grain tank on the go, a maximum power of 446 hp was available. The grain tank had a capacity of 105 hectoliters for Europe, and it was promised to empty within a minute. The header units manufactured at New Holland's factory in Belgium came in standard (450 mm), long (600 mm), and lengths adjustable from the cab (510-1010 mm).

The cylinder diameter, like the AFX 2388, was 762 millimeters. The separation area was increased from 135 degrees to 180 degrees. The number of V-belts in the combine was reduced from eight to three by using a hydro-mechanical CVT transmission for driving the cylinder. There were no daily lubrication points at all. The sieving area was increased and could tilt on a slope up to 17 degrees. The cab was larger than before. The touchscreen was similar to that of the 2388 model. The electrical system was based on a CAN bus.

In 2006, a lower-powered model, the 7010, was introduced, with a narrower drivetrain than the 8010. In 2007, the 9010 was introduced, featuring a 13.0-liter engine. In the USA, the lineup also included the 5010 model equipped with a 6.7-liter engine.

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Case IH 7010-9010 AFX

The 2300 series Axial-Flow combines were in production for 10 years. They were replaced for the year 2008 by the updated 88 series models. Two smaller ones were direct successors to the 2377 and 2388, and the 7088 was a more powerful model in terms of engine than its predecessors. Its Cummins engine was a 9.0-liter instead of the smaller 8.3-liter. Compared to its predecessors, the capacity of the grain elevator and tank unloading was increased. The wheelbase was longer and the front axle stronger.

The Axial-Flow was based on a single longitudinal drum with a diameter of 76.2 centimeters, which handled both threshing and separation. Under the threshing section, rasp bars were changed according to the crop being harvested (grain, peas, corn). Similarly, there were interchangeable elements for the separation area. The sieve system was similar to a conventional combine. The drum’s pipe diameter was smaller than before, which left more space between it and the rasp bars in conditions with abundant straw.

Axial-Flow combines were manufactured in the USA, but the headers came from New Holland’s factory in Belgium. Short, long, and adjustable headers were still available. Axial-Flow was introduced in Finland for the year 2010. Standard equipment here included, among others, an electronic threshing settings memory function, the Auto-Float function for the header, and automatic speed control of the unloading auger according to driving speed.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 5088-7088

In 2008, the larger Axial-Flow model range was renewed as the 120 series. The changes in technical specifications were minor. The two smaller models' Fiat Power Technologies engines had slightly more power. The additional power could be used when emptying the grain tank during operation. The CVT transmission that drives the rotor was improved. The diameter of the rotor tube was smaller than before, leaving more space around it for the grain material. The chopper had fixed, toothed triangular blades. In 2009, a 10.7-meter cutting platform became available.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 7120-9120

The 88-series Axial-Flow combines were updated to the 130-series in the autumn of 2011. The appearance was more like that of the larger series. Cummins engines were replaced with the company's own Fiat Power Technologies engines. The two larger models had significantly more power than before. The feeder conveyor was longer than before. The cab display was updated and positioned higher.

For the year 2013, a new Luxury cab was introduced alongside. The updated headers included a longer standard header (55 cm), a height-adjustable header from the cab (57–107 cm), and a fully hydraulically operated 3050 header (57–114 cm). The new cutting widths were 4.9/5.2/6.1/6.7/7.3/7.6 meters.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 5130-7130

With the introduction of SCR engines, the larger Axial-Flow model range was numbered the 230 series in the autumn of 2011. The engine of the middle model grew to 13 liters, and all models had more power than before. The width of the smallest model's machine was now 158 cm. The grain tanks were larger than before. The cab's touchscreen was updated.

In the 2013 model range, the standard header length increased by 55 centimeters, and at the forefront of the header lineup was a hydraulically operated, adjustable-length header. Additionally, for 2013, a Luxury cab became available.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 7230-9230

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The large 230-series Axial-Flows were replaced by the 240-series for the 2015 season. The engine of the largest model was now 16 liters. Power was about 50 hp more than in the corresponding earlier models. Suspended track units were now also available. The new headers introduced a couple of years earlier remained unchanged, but a 12.5-meter header was now available as a new option; a 13.7-meter header followed a couple of years later. The grain tank in the two largest models was now 14,400 liters. The cab was also the same as in the standard and Luxury models introduced a couple of years earlier. The rotor length had been slightly increased to 264 cm.

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Case IH Axial-Flow 7240-9240

Bautz

Bizon

Braud

Claas

Deutz / Deutz-Fahr

Dronningborg

Fendt

Fortschritt

Gleaner

John Deere

Köla

Laverda / Fiatagri

Massey Ferguson

New Holland

Rostselmash

Sampo Rosenlew

Volvo BM

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